Letters from Germany · 1942–1944

People

The people in Raisa's letters and diary — family, friends, fellow workers, and the German household where she lived.

Raisa Pogorelova

Раїса Григорівна Погорелова · Born ~1924, Kyiv · Signed her letters as Рая, Райха, Раеса, Раюха, Раїса

Eighteen years old when taken to Germany. Seamstress, diarist, polyglot. Became fluent in German — "принимают меня за немку" (they mistake me for a German). Kept a diary she titled Дневник Deutschland. Sent parcels home despite earning 17 marks/month. Wrote with literary talent and sharp wit.


Family in Kyiv

Анна (Аня) Погорелова

Sister · Born ~1920

Main correspondent. Initially assumed to be Raisa's mother — confirmed as sister by a birthday card (turned 22 in November 1942). Raisa translates Anna's letters for the German family: "They say they're very smart and interesting."

Бабушка

Grandmother

Lives in Kyiv. Writes letters to Raisa.

Гришунок / Гриценок

Boy (nephew or younger sibling)

"Маленький папашник." Raisa draws him a rabbit cage diagram, explains plowing, sends pencils and erasers.

Мотик / Мотроша

Boy

Дядя Ваня

Uncle

With family: Ljolya, Katya, Valya. Raisa writes to him but gets no reply.

Толик

Family member

Never writes! Finished school at 99%.

The Farm — Schönaich

Walter

Host farmer

Hunts foxes and hares. "Komm bei mir" — the first German words Raisa heard from her employer.

Ludwig (Людвіг)

Son · Young master

Hunter. Works in the cowshed alongside Kurban at 4:55 AM. Mows clover.

Hedwig (Гетвіг)

Daughter · Same age as Anna (~22)

Close to Raisa. Gifted her gold earrings. Takes photographs. Packs parcels for Eduard at the front.

Eduard (Едуард)

Son · ~24 · Soldier

On the Eastern Front. Anti-war views. Wounded in arm, was in Kyiv. Deployed via Frankfurt on July 10, 1943 — only 4 days home leave. "Очень хороший человек." In love with Anna's photo.

"Schön" (Шён)

Son · ~21

"Very kind, cultured, attentive." Clearly fond of Raisa — calls her "грушка, слива, яблочко — всё только моей Рай." Sits beside her while she writes at night, wishes he could read Russian.

Fellow Workers

Vladislav Kurbanbaiev (Курбан)

Serbian forced laborer

"Высокий чёрный с большими карими глазами." Tall, dark, big brown eyes. Already 15 months at the farm when Raisa arrived. Spoke German well. Her "единственный друг и собеседник" — only friend and conversation partner. Married, 2 children.

Рая / Реля Ш.

Ukrainian Ostarbeiter · Companion from Kyiv

Traveled with Raisa from Kyiv. Separated at neighboring farm — the moment is one of the most emotional in the diary. Didn't speak German; Raisa translated for her.

Danilo (Данило)

Serbian worker

Replaced Kurban at the farm.

Correspondence Network

Наталія (Ната) Лепкова

Friend · Голосеєвська 15, Kyiv

Тамара Козуб

Friend / classmate

Шура Бодрова

In Magdeburg (also Ostarbeiter)

Вера & Міра

Friends at Hannover factory